Graphite yog dab tsi? Cov Khoom thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm Ntawm Graphite
Dab tsi yog graphite? Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm graphite
1, kub tsis kam: lub melting point ntawm graphite yog 3850 ± 50 degree, lub boiling point yog 4250 degree, txawm hais tias lub ultra-siab kub arc hlawv, qhov poob yog me me, coefficient ntawm thermal expansion kuj yog heev me me. . Lub zog ntawm graphite yog ntxiv dag zog rau qhov kub thiab txias, thiab lub zog ntawm graphite yog ob npaug ntawm 2000 degree.
2, hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity: hluav taws xob conductivity ntawm graphite yog ib puas lub sij hawm siab tshaj ntawm cov non-metallic ores. Thermal conductivity dua hlau, hlau, txhuas thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv hlau. Cov thermal conductivity txo qis nrog qhov kub thiab txias, thiab txawm tias qhov kub siab heev, graphite ua rau adiabatic. Graphite tuaj yeem ua hluav taws xob vim tias txhua cov pa roj carbon atom hauv graphite tsuas yog peb daim ntawv cog lus nrog lwm cov pa roj carbon atoms, thiab txhua cov pa roj carbon atom tseem khaws tau ib qho hluav taws xob dawb los hloov cov nqi.
3, lubricity: lub lubrication kev ua tau zoo ntawm graphite nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm graphite flake, qhov loj ntawm cov flake, qhov me me ntawm kev sib txhuam coefficient, qhov zoo ntawm lubrication kev ua tau zoo.
4, tshuaj stability: graphite muaj tshuaj zoo stability ntawm chav tsev kub, tuaj yeem tiv taus acid, alkali thiab organic hnyav corrosion.
5, plasticity: graphite toughness yog qhov zoo, tuaj yeem dov rau hauv daim ntawv nyias heev.
6, thermal poob siab tsis kam: graphite tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias thaum siv hauv chav sov yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj, thaum kub hloov, qhov ntim ntawm graphite tsis hloov ntau, yuav tsis tsim cov kab nrib pleb.
Qhov zoo ntawm graphite
(1) Kev ua haujlwm nrawm dua: nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj, kev ua haujlwm ceev ntawm graphite tuaj yeem ua tau 2-5 lub sij hawm sai dua li tooj liab; Kev khiav ceev yog 2-3 lub sij hawm sai dua li ntawm tooj liab, thiab cov khoom tsis yooj yim rau deform: nws muaj qhov pom tseeb zoo hauv kev ua cov txheej txheem nyias nyias; Lub softening point ntawm tooj liab yog hais txog 1000 degrees, uas yog ib qho yooj yim rau deformed los ntawm tshav kub; Lub sublimation kub ntawm graphite yog 3650 degrees; Lub coefficient ntawm thermal expansion tsuas yog 1/30 ntawm tooj liab.
(2) Qhov hnyav dua: qhov ntom ntawm graphite tsuas yog 1/5 ntawm tooj liab, thiab lub nra ntawm lub tshuab cuab yeej (EDM) tuaj yeem txo tau zoo thaum lub electrode loj tawm. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau daim ntawv thov ntawm cov pwm loj.
(3) Kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg; Vim tias cov roj ntsha tseem muaj C atoms, thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tawm, qhov kub siab ua rau C atoms hauv cov roj ntsha tawg, thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv yog tsim rau saum npoo ntawm graphite electrode, uas them rau qhov poob ntawm graphite electrode.
(4) Tsis muaj burrs; Tom qab cov tooj liab electrode ua tiav, nws yuav tsum tau txiav manually kom tshem tawm cov burrs, thaum lub graphite ua tiav yam tsis muaj burrs, txuag tau ntau tus nqi thiab ua kom yooj yim rau automate ntau lawm.
(5) Graphite yog yooj yim rau grind thiab polish; Vim tias qhov kev txiav tawm ntawm graphite tsuas yog 1/5 ntawm cov tooj liab, nws yooj yim dua rau zom thiab txhuam los ntawm tes.
(6) Cov nqi qis dua thiab cov nqi ruaj khov dua; Vim tias qhov nce ntawm tus nqi tooj liab nyob rau xyoo tas los no, tus nqi ntawm isotropic graphite tam sim no qis dua li tooj liab, nyob rau hauv tib lub ntim, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv graphite thoob ntiaj teb yog 30% mus rau 60% qis dua tooj liab, thiab tus nqi yog ruaj khov dua, thiab luv luv nqi hloov pauv me me heev. Nws yog qhov txiaj ntsig tsis sib xws uas graphite tau maj mam hloov tooj liab ua cov khoom siv rau EDM electrodes.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm graphite
1, raws li cov khoom siv refractory: graphite thiab nws cov khoom muaj kub tsis kam, siab zog zog, nyob rau hauv lub metallurgical kev lag luam yog tsuas yog siv los ua graphite crucible, nyob rau hauv steelmaking feem ntau siv graphite raws li ib tug tiv thaiv ntawm ingot, metallurgical rauv hauv ob sab phlu.
Graphite crucible
2, raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob: siv hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob los tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, txhuam, cov pa roj carbon monoxide, cov roj carbon raj, cov mercury zoo, graphite washers, xov tooj qhov chaw, TV duab raj txheej.
Graphite ntxhua khaub ncaws
3, rau hnav-resistant lubrication cov ntaub ntawv: graphite feem ntau yog siv los ua lubricant hauv kev lag luam machinery. Lubricating roj feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem siv nyob rau hauv kev kub ceev, kub siab, siab siab, thiab graphite hnav-resistant cov ntaub ntawv yuav siv tau ntawm 200-2000 degree ntawm zawv zawg ceev heev, tsis muaj roj lubricating. Ntau cov khoom siv corrosive media conveying, dav siv cov khoom siv graphite ua los ntawm piston khob, ntsaws ruaj ruaj thiab bearings, lawv tsis tas yuav ntxiv roj lubricating thaum khiav. Graphite mis nyuj kuj yog ib tug zoo lubricant rau ntau yam hlau ua (xaim daim duab, raj raj).
Graphite piston khob, sealing nplhaib, thiab lwm yam
4, graphite muaj tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov. Tom qab kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm graphite, nrog corrosion kuj, zoo thermal conductivity, tsis tshua muaj permeability, nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov tshav kub exchangers, tshuaj tiv thaiv tso tsheb hlau luam, condensers, combustion yees, nqus yees, txias, cua sov, lim, twj tso kua mis. Siv dav hauv petrochemical, hydrometallurgy, acid thiab alkali ntau lawm, hluavtaws fiber ntau, ntawv thiab lwm yam kev lag luam, tuaj yeem txuag tau ntau cov ntaub ntawv hlau.
Graphite khoom rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tank
5, rau casting, sanding, pressing thiab high-temperature metallurgical cov ntaub ntawv: vim me me coefficient ntawm thermal expansion ntawm graphite, thiab muaj peev xwm hloov tau txias thiab kub, yuav siv tau raws li ib tug iav casting pwm, siv graphite tom qab lub dub hlau casting loj yog qhov tseeb, qhov saum npoo du yield yog siab, tuaj yeem siv yam tsis tau ua lossis ua tiav me ntsis, yog li txuag tau ntau cov hlau. Kev tsim cov tungsten carbide thiab lwm yam hmoov metallurgy txheej txheem, feem ntau yog ua los ntawm graphite cov ntaub ntawv rau nias thiab sintering ntawm porcelain tej nkoj nquam. Kev ua ntawm monocrystalline silicon siv lead ua kev loj hlob crucible, lub regional refining thawv, bracket fixture, induction rhaub thiab lwm yam yog inseparable los ntawm siab purity graphite. Tsis tas li ntawd, graphite kuj tseem siv tau los ua lub tshuab nqus tsev smelting graphite rwb thaiv tsev phaj thiab lub hauv paus, kub kub tsis kam rauv rauv tube, pas nrig, phaj, kab sib chaws thiab lwm yam khoom.
6, siv nyob rau hauv atomic zog kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam tiv thaiv: graphite muaj ib tug zoo neutron moderator siv nyob rau hauv atomic reactors, uranium graphite reactor yog ib tug dav siv atomic reactor. Raws li lub zog rau atomic zog reactor deceleration cov khoom yuav tsum muaj lub siab melting point, stability, corrosion kuj, graphite tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau saum toj no. Lub purity ntawm graphite siv nyob rau hauv atomic reactors yog siab heev, thiab cov impurity ntsiab lus yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj kaum ob ntawm PPM. Tshwj xeeb, cov ntsiab lus boron yuav tsum tsawg dua 0.5PPM. Hauv kev lag luam tiv thaiv, graphite kuj tseem siv los ua cov nozzles rau cov roj foob pob hluav taws, lub qhov ntswg cones rau cov cuaj luaj, qhov chaw rau cov khoom siv hauv chaw navigation, thermal rwb thaiv tsev thiab cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv hluav taws xob.
7, graphite kuj tseem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv boiler scaling, qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm chav tsev qhia tau hais tias ntxiv ib qho nyiaj ntawm graphite hmoov hauv dej (txog 4-5 gram ib tuj dej) tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov ntsuas ntawm lub boiler nto. Tsis tas li ntawd, graphite siv rau hlau chimneys, ru tsev, Choj, kav dej tuaj yeem tiv thaiv corrosion thiab tiv thaiv xeb.
8, graphite tuaj yeem siv ua xaum xaum, xim, tus neeg saib xyuas polishing. Tom qab kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm graphite, ntau yam khoom tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom lag luam cuam tshuam.
9, electrode, graphite tuaj yeem hloov tau tooj liab li electrode. Hauv xyoo 1960, tooj liab tau dav siv los ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, nrog rau kev siv tus nqi ntawm 90%, thiab graphite tsuas yog li 10%; Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 21st, ntau thiab ntau cov neeg siv pib xaiv graphite raws li cov khoom siv electrode, nyob hauv Europe, ntau tshaj 90% ntawm cov khoom siv electrode yog graphite. Tooj liab, ib zaug cov khoom siv electrode tseem ceeb, yuav luag poob nws qhov zoo dua graphite. Dab tsi ua rau qhov kev hloov pauv loj no? Tau kawg, ntau qhov zoo ntawm graphite electrodes.
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