11 FAQ Txog Refractories
TSIS MUAJ. 1 Dab tsi yog qhov porosity ntawmrefractories?
Muaj peb hom porosity nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv refractory, uas yog, qhib porosity, kaw porosity thiab los ntawm porosity.
Cov pa roj carbon monoxide yog qhov sib piv ntawm qhov ntim ntawm qhov qhib cov roj feem rau tag nrho cov ntim ntawm cov refractories txuas nrog cov cua, thiab cov pa roj ncaj qha yog qhov piv ntawm qhov ntim ntawm tag nrho cov subfractions ntawm cov refractories (suav nrog cov ntim ntawm qhov qhib porosity, qhov ntim ntawm qhov kaw porosity thiab qhov ntim ntawm qhov dhau los ntawm porosity) rau tag nrho ntim.
TSIS MUAJ. 2 Dab tsi yog qhov permeability ntawm refractories?
Huab cua permeability yog tus yam ntxwv tus nqi uas qhia txog qhov nyuaj ntawm qee cov pa roj dhau los ntawm cov khoom siv refractory nyob rau hauv qee yam mob. Nws yog txhais raws li: nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm, ib tug tej yam siab ntawm cov pa los ntawm ib tug tej seem thiab thickness ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm refractory qauv.
Ntxiv nrog rau lub cib breathable ntawm lub ladle, qhov me dua qhov permeability ntawm cov khoom siv refractory ntxiv, qhov zoo dua, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov yaig ntawm slag thiab txo cov thermal conductivity ntawm cov ntaub ntawv refractory.
TSIS MUAJ. 3 Dab tsi yog qhov thermal expansion ntawm refractories?
Thaum lub sij hawm siv cov ntaub ntawv refractory, nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias, lub atomic anharmonic kev co nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub ntsiab siv lead ua theem ntawm refractory cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov matrix tsub kom lub atomic nrug nyob rau hauv cov khoom, uas ua rau lub ntim expansion, uas yog hu ua thermal expansion. cov ntaub ntawv refractory.
Lub thermal expansion ntawm cov ntaub ntawv refractory feem ntau yog qhia los ntawm linear expansion rate thiab linear expansion coefficient. Nws yog txhais raws li:
(1) Linear expansion tus nqi. Tus txheeb ze tus nqi hloov pauv ntawm qhov ntev ntawm cov qauv refractory thaum cua sov los ntawm chav tsev kub mus rau qhov ntsuas kub.
(2) linear expansion coefficient. Tus txheeb ze tus nqi ntawm kev hloov ntawm qhov ntev ntawm cov qauv refractory thaum lub sij hawm cua sov los ntawm chav tsev kub mus rau qhov kev sim kub, nrog rau txhua txhua 1 degree qhov kub thiab txias. Lub thermal expansion ntawm refractories muaj feem xyuam rau cov qauv siv lead ua ntawm refractories. Lub zog daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov qauv siv lead ua txiav txim siab coefficient ntawm thermal expansion. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov qauv siv lead ua ntawm Mg0 thiab A1203, cov pa oxygen ions tau ntim nruj, thiab tom qab lub refractory yog rhuab, kev sib nrig sib thermal co ntawm oxygen ions ua rau ib tug loj thermal expansion tus nqi ntawm lub refractory. Lub thermal expansion tus nqi ntawm refractories nrog siab anisotropy nyob rau hauv cov qauv yog tsawg, thiab cordierite yog feem ntau. Lub thermal expansion ntawm cov ntaub ntawv refractory muaj feem xyuam nrog kev nyab xeeb kev ua haujlwm hauv cov txheej txheem steelmaking. Piv txwv li, cov ntaub ntawv refractory uas tsis zoo thermal expansion kev ua tau zoo yuav nthuav dav thiab tawg thaum lub sij hawm ci ntawm kev siv, ua rau kev puas tsuaj rau cov ntaub ntawv refractory; Muaj cov kab nrib pleb hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv, uas kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm steelmaking.
TSIS MUAJ. 4 Dab tsi yog qhov thermal conductivity ntawm refractories?
Thermal conductivity yog tus nqi ntawm tshav kub dhau los ntawm ib chav tsev ntsug ntim hauv ib chav tsev lub sij hawm ntawm chav tsev kub gradient. Muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm thermal conductivity thiab porosity thiab ntxhia muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom refractory. Feem ntau hais lus, cov thermal conductivity ntawm cov roj nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov porosity ntawm cov ntaub ntawv refractory yog tsawg heev. Yog li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv refractory nrog loj porosity muaj qis thermal conductivity.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntxhia muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv refractory, qhov nyuaj ntawm cov qauv siv lead ua, qhov qis thermal conductivity: cov khoom impurity ntau dua, qhov thermal conductivity qis dua.
TSIS MUAJ. 5 Lub peev xwm kub ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog dab tsi?
Lub tshav kub yuav tsum tau ua kom sov 1kg ntawm ib yam khoom nyob rau hauv atmospheric siab kom sov nws los ntawm 1 degree C yog hu ua lub tshav kub muaj peev xwm ntawm cov khoom, kuj hu ua lub tshav kub muaj peev xwm. Lub peev xwm tshwj xeeb ntawm cov cua sov yuav cuam tshuam rau cov cua sov thiab cua txias ntawm refractories thaum siv cov refractories. Cov ntaub ntawv refractory nrog loj tshwj xeeb tshav kub muaj peev xwm kuj ntev ci lub sij hawm.
TSIS MUAJ. 6Dab tsi yog qhov refractoriness ntawm refractories?
Qhov tsis kam ntawm refractories mus rau qhov kub thiab txias yam tsis muaj melting yog hu ua refractoriness. Cov refractories tsis muaj qhov chaw ruaj khov, yog li cov refractories tiag tiag xa mus rau qhov kub ntawm qhov uas cov refractories soften rau qee yam. Refractoriness yog ib qho tseem ceeb qhia txog cov ntaub ntawv refractory, thiab cov refractoriness ntawm cov ntaub ntawv refractory yuav tsum siab tshaj nws qhov siab tshaj plaws kev pab kub. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm refractoriness yog ua kom cov khoom siv refractory yuav tsum tau sim rau hauv lub khob hliav qab qauv raws li cov kev cai, thiab ua kom sov cov qauv qauv ua ke, lub khob hliav qab yog softened los ntawm kub kub thiab khoov, thiab kub thaum lub taub hau ntawm lub khob hliav qab hu. lub chassis yog refractoriness ntawm cov khoom siv refractory.
TSIS MUAJ. 7 Dab tsi yog qhov load softening kub ntawm refractories?
Load softening kub kuj hu ua load softening point. Cov khoom siv refractory muaj lub zog compressive siab nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, tab sis tom qab nqa lub load ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, lawv yuav deformed thiab txo lub zog compressive. Lub load softening kub yog qhov kub thiab txias ntawm ib qho kev deformation tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm qhov tsis tu ncua ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
TSIS MUAJ. 8 Lub thermal stability ntawm refractories yog dab tsi?
Lub peev xwm ntawm refractories hloov pauv sai nrog qhov kub thiab txias yam tsis muaj kev tawg lossis puas tsuaj, nrog rau lub peev xwm tiv thaiv kev tawg lossis tawg hauv kev siv, hu ua thermal stability ntawm refractories. Lub thermal stability ntawm cov ntaub ntawv refractory yog qhia los ntawm tus xov tooj ntawm ceev ceev cua txias thiab ceev cua sov, los yog hu ua tus tsis kam mus ceev txias thiab ceev cua sov.
TSIS MUAJ. 9 Dab tsi yog slag tsis kam ntawm refractories?
Lub peev xwm ntawm refractory los tiv thaiv slag nres ntawm qhov kub siab yog hu ua slag resistance.
Lub slag tiv tauj nrog lub refractory nyob rau hauv cov kua daim ntawv, ua kua theem nrog lub refractory, thiab yog stripped los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub refractory. Los yog cov porosity los ntawm refractory mus rau hauv refractory nyob rau hauv, nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kub hloov, ua rau lub ntim expansion hloov, uas ua rau xoob puas tsuaj rau lub refractory, los yog mus rau hauv lub refractory nyob rau hauv, tsim ib tug tshiab high-melting point spinel theem, uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub refractory. ladle thiab lwm yam khoom siv refractory tsis tuaj yeem siv ib txwm thiab puas. Rauv roj thiab txhua yam khoom nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog hluav taws xob lub cub tawg refractories tej zaum yuav muaj cov saum toj no cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev puas tsuaj, yog li ntxiv rau lub nto dissolution ntawm slag yaig yaig ntawm cov ntaub ntawv refractory, slag kuj invade los yog nkag mus rau hauv lub sab hauv ntawm refractory ntaub ntawv, nthuav. cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cheeb tsam thiab qhov tob ntawm slag thiab refractory cov ntaub ntawv, uas ua rau nyob ze ntawm cov ntaub ntawv refractory. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv refractory tau txais kev hloov pauv zoo, tsim cov txheej txheem metamorphic uas tuaj yeem yaj yooj yim rau hauv cov slag, ua rau lub neej luv ntawm cov khoom siv refractory. Hom kev yaig ntawm qhov refractory no feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog lub porosity ntawm refractory. Txawv refractories, tib yam muaj pes tsawg leeg, yog hais tias lub koom haum qauv txawv, tus nqi corrosion tsis zoo tib yam. Qhov siab dua qhov porosity ntawm lub refractory, qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm slag kuj.
TSIS MUAJ. 10 Dab tsi yog qhov kub hnyiab ntawm refractories?
Qhov ntsuas kub kub ntawm cov refractories sawv cev rau qhov kub hnyiab ntawm cov arc ntawm phab ntsa rauv qhuav, uas tau thov los ntawm W. Esschwabe ntawm Tebchaws Meskas hauv xyoo 1962. Qhov ntsuas no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab txoj hauv kev smelting, xws li kev txiav txim siab ntawm Qhov thib ob sab voltage ntawm ladle refining rauv yog txiav txim siab raws li qhov ntsuas kub ntawm refractories.
TSIS MUAJ. 11 Dab tsi yog cov ntxhia muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm refractories?
Mineral muaj pes tsawg leeg yog cov qauv ntawm cov ntxhia lithofacies uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom refractory. Piv txwv li, lub ntsiab crystalline theem nyob rau hauv magnesium carbon cib cubic magnesite crystalline theem yog lub ntsiab ntxhia muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm magnesium carbon cib. Tib cov ntxhia muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov refractory, qhov loj ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av crystallization, cov duab thiab kev faib tawm ntawm qhov sib txawv, qhov xwm ntawm refractory yuav txawv. Cov ntxhia muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm refractories tuaj yeem yog ib theem crystalline lossis kev sib xyaw ntawm polycrystalline theem. Tam sim no, cov ntxhia theem feem ntau muab faib ua ob hom crystalline theem thiab iav theem, thiab cov ntxhia muaj pes tsawg leeg uas ua rau lub cev tseem ceeb ntawm cov refractory thiab muaj lub siab melting point yog hu ua lub ntsiab crystalline theem, thiab cov khoom seem. uas muaj nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub loj siv lead ua los yog aggregate sib txawv ntawm lub refractory yog hu ua lub matrix, xws li cov pa roj carbon nyob rau hauv magnesium carbon cib yog lub matrix. Qhov xwm, kom muaj nuj nqis thiab khi lub xeev ntawm lub ntsiab siv lead ua theem ncaj qha txiav txim siab siv cov khoom refractory.